1. Check-list: It is a two dimensional chart, on one side the trait or other phenomena which is intend to measured are noted and on the other name or identification number of the student is written. Observation made by the teacher with predetermined objectives both from within and outside the class. The results of the observations are recording against each of the behaviour noted in case of particular student.
2. Rating Scale: It is a modified check-list. In check list, the variables observed are merely checked as either yes or no. There is no provision for determining the degree to which that variable exists. This limitation is overcome here. Rating means the judging of one person by another. Rating scale refers to a scale with a set of points which describe varying degrees of the dimensions of the attribute which is intended to measure being observed. It shows how much or how well or a particular behaviour is exhibited by the pupil. Such precise rating will help the teacher to select most appropriate students who can be entrusted with responsible tasks and also to record the levels at the time of certification. It may be three point scale or five point scale or seven point scale or nine point scale or even eleven point scale.
3. Inventory: Inventory is a tool usually used to assess personality traits, interests, attitude, etc. through responses of the subjects evaluated, to questions or statements depicting opinions to the issues concerned. It is a self appraising tool. It may be in the form of a questionnaire, an opinionnaire or an attitude scale. (A questionnaire is used when factual information is desired. When opinions rather than facts are desired, an opinionnaire or attitude scale is used.) In certain cases, the respondent is asked to arrange a set of given items in the order of preference. These type of inventories normally used to determine the interests of the individual in a specific area.
4. Test: It is the most popular tool for evaluation. It is the most important tool for the class room teacher. Test is defined as a series of questions on the basis of which some information are sought. It may be constructed for the purpose of measuring the achievement of the pupil or to identify his weakness or to measure his intelligence, aptitude, attitude and so on.
Test may be practical or performance test, oral test and written test.
Performance test include activities involving psychomotor behaviour. In such a test, the examinees are generally required to do something, using objects or apparatus given to them. Setting up an apparatus, conducing an experiment, developing a pattern using geometrical shapes, arranging given objects according a required sequence of pattern, etc. may be cited as examples. Over and above these performance tests are used for measuring intelligence, interests, personality traits, etc. also.
In Oral tests the examiner asks questions or test items prepared in advance, demanding explanation by the examinee to which they respond orally. Measurement of the desired objective is done on the basis of these oral responses. There are so many skills that can be assessed by such tools. The ability to read with speed, accuracy and good pronunciation can be measured only orally. Same is the case of speaking with correct stress, accent, etc. These can never be tested effectively by written tests.
Written test is obviously the most popular type of test universally used for evaluating students. This is because of its convenience and economy. The script can be scored and evaluated according to the convenience. It is because of the practical considerations that written tests have become so popular.
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